1946 – Joseph Livingston, then with the Philadelphia Record, begins a survey summarizing economic forecasts from the government, economists, banks and businesses.
Joseph A. Livingston, who wrote for the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, arguably was respected more by those in the investment community than was Sylvia Porter. In 1946, Livingston , then with the Philadelphia Record, had begun a survey summarizing economic forecasts from the government, economists, banks and businesses. He continued the survey when he moved to the Bulletin in 1948 and the Inquirer in 1972.
Because he was a journalist, Livingston knew economists who worked for Wall Street firms, companies and at forecasting firms, and he developed contacts in academia. The survey exists today as the Livingston Survey, the oldest review of economic forecasts, and is collected by the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia .